Cadillac Vehicle Models SRX 2004-2009 Torque Specifications
Cadillac Vehicle Models SRX 2004-2009

Cadillac Vehicle Models SRX 2004-2009 Torque Specifications

Complete Cadillac Vehicle Models SRX 2004-2009 torque specifications guide. Includes factory-specified torque values, torque sequences, and technical specifications for all components including body, brakes, drivetrain, electrical, emissions sensors, fuel, exhaust, HVAC, and suspension. Essential information for proper assembly and maintenance.

Updated

Important Information

Safety guidelines and reference information for proper torque application

Quick Reference Guide

ft-lbs → Nm
× 1.356
ft-lbs → kg-m
× 0.138
Nm → ft-lbs
× 0.738
in-lbs → ft-lbs
× 0.083

Common Torque Patterns

Star Pattern

Used for wheels and other circular bolt patterns

Star Pattern torque pattern diagram showing proper bolt tightening sequence
Cross Pattern

Used for gaskets and cover plates

Cross Pattern torque pattern diagram showing proper bolt tightening sequence
Sequential Pattern

Used for head bolts and other critical components

Sequential Pattern torque pattern diagram showing proper bolt tightening sequence

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Over-tightening

Exceeding the specified torque value can stretch or break fasteners, damage threads, or crack components.

Prevention:

Always use a calibrated torque wrench and follow specifications exactly.

Incorrect Torque Sequence

Tightening bolts in the wrong order can cause uneven pressure distribution and potential leaks or damage.

Prevention:

Follow the manufacturer's specified torque sequence pattern.

Dirty Threads

Dirt, rust, or old thread locker can affect torque readings and proper fastener tension.

Prevention:

Clean and inspect all threads before assembly. Use new thread locker if specified.

Reusing TTY Bolts

Torque-to-yield bolts are designed to stretch and must not be reused.

Prevention:

Always replace TTY bolts with new ones. They are single-use only.

Dry vs. Lubricated

Not accounting for whether torque specs are for dry or lubricated fasteners can lead to incorrect tension.

Prevention:

Check if specs are for dry or lubricated threads. Use specified lubricant when required.

Recommended Tools

Torque Wrench (1/4" Drive)

Range: 2-25 ft-lbs
Small fasteners, delicate components

Torque Wrench (3/8" Drive)

Range: 10-100 ft-lbs
Most common automotive fasteners

Torque Wrench (1/2" Drive)

Range: 30-250 ft-lbs
Large fasteners, wheels

Angle Gauge

Torque-to-yield (TTY) bolts

Torque Wrench Care

  • Calibrate annually or after 5,000 clicks
  • Store at lowest setting
  • Keep clean and lubricated

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Torque Calculator

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3.6l Engine

Torque specifications for 3.6L Engine

Cylinder Head

1

Cylinder Head Bolts

M12 x 1.75
Torque Specification
1. 18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Follow a specific torque sequence starting from the center and working outwards in a spiral pattern. Verify sequence in service manual.
2

Rocker Arm Shaft Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
21 ft-lbs (28 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten in the specified sequence to ensure even pressure.
3

Camshaft Position Sensor Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure the sensor is properly seated before tightening. Torque in a criss-cross pattern.
4

Exhaust Manifold/Headers to Cylinder Head Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten in a progressive sequence working from the center outwards. Use new gaskets.

Engine Block

1

Main Bearing Bolts

M12 x 1.5
Torque Specification
1. 37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten bolts in the specified sequence to ensure proper crankshaft alignment and bearing crush. Refer to the service manual for sequence.
2

Connecting Rod Nuts

M9 x 1.25
Torque Specification
20 ft-lbs (27 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper rod cap alignment before tightening. Verify markings and location.
3

Oil Pan Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
8.8 ft-lbs (12 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten in a criss-cross pattern. Use a new gasket and ensure surfaces are clean.
4

Oil Drain Plug Bolt

M14 x 1.5
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Use a new crush washer. Do not overtighten.
5

Crankshaft Position Sensor Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure sensor is properly seated before tightening. Do not overtighten.
6

Knock Sensor Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
15 ft-lbs (20 N·m)
Important Notes
Do not overtighten. Proper torque is needed for accurate readings.
7

Oil Pressure Sensor/Switch Bolt

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
15 ft-lbs (20 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper thread engagement. Do not overtighten.

Timing System

1

Timing Belt/Chain Tensioner Bolt

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper tensioner alignment. Refer to service manual.
2

Camshaft Sprocket Bolt

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
103 ft-lbs (140 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper alignment of sprocket and camshaft. Do not overtighten.

Intake System

1

Throttle Body Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten in a criss-cross pattern to prevent vacuum leaks. Use a new gasket.
2

Intake Manifold Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten in a specific sequence working from the center outwards. Refer to service manual for sequence. Use new gaskets.
3

EGR Valve Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Use a new gasket. Tighten evenly to prevent leaks.
4

Fuel Rail Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure fuel rail is properly seated before tightening. Do not overtighten. Torque evenly.
5

Fuel Injector Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper alignment and use new o-rings.

Cooling System

1

Water Pump Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Use new gaskets. Tighten evenly to ensure a leak-free seal.
2

Water Pump Pulley Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper pulley alignment. Do not overtighten. Tighten evenly.
3

Thermostat Housing Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Use a new gasket. Tighten evenly to prevent leaks.

Accessory Drive

1

Crankshaft Pulley/Harmonic Balancer Bolt

M16 x 2.0
Torque Specification
74 ft-lbs (100 N·m)
Important Notes
Use a new bolt. Ensure proper alignment and torque to spec. This may require a special holding tool to prevent rotation.
2

Serpentine/Accessory Drive Belt Tensioner Bolt

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper alignment. Do not overtighten. Verify belt tension.
3

Drive Belt Idler Pulley Bolt

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper pulley alignment. Do not overtighten.
4

Power Steering Pump Mounting Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper pump alignment.

Valve Cover

1

Valve Cover Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
5.9 ft-lbs (8 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten in a criss-cross pattern. Use new gaskets.
2

Ignition Coil Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure coils are seated properly. Torque evenly and do not overtighten.

Flywheel

1

Flywheel Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
59 ft-lbs (80 N·m)
Important Notes
Use new bolts. Ensure proper alignment and torque to spec. May require flywheel holding tool.

Spark Plugs

1

Spark Plugs

M14 x 1.25
Torque Specification
15 ft-lbs (20 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper thread engagement. Do not overtighten.

Oil Filter

1

Oil Filter Housing Bolt

N/A
Torque Specification
N/A
Important Notes
Hand tight. Do not overtighten. Ensure o-ring is in place and in good condition.

4.6l Engine

Torque specifications for 4.6L Engine

Cylinder Head

1

Cylinder Head Bolts

M11 x 1.5
Torque Specification
1. 18 ft-lbs (25 N·m) 2. 90° 3. 90°
Important Notes
Torque to yield bolts. Follow the specified sequence and torque angle. This is an estimated angle torque value based on common procedures.

Crankshaft

1

Main Bearing Bolts

M12 x 1.75
Torque Specification
1. 37 ft-lbs (50 N·m) 2. 90°
Important Notes
Torque to yield bolts. Follow the specified sequence and torque angle. This is an estimated angle torque value based on common procedures.
2

Connecting Rod Nuts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
1. 20 ft-lbs (27 N·m) 2. 60°
Important Notes
Torque to yield fasteners. Follow the specified sequence and torque angle. This is an estimated angle torque value based on common procedures.
3

Flywheel Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
59 ft-lbs (80 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure the flywheel is correctly aligned before tightening.
4

Crankshaft Pulley/Harmonic Balancer Bolt

M16 x 2.0
Torque Specification
1. 74 ft-lbs (100 N·m) 2. 90°
Important Notes
Torque to yield bolt. Follow the specified sequence and torque angle. This is an estimated angle torque value based on common procedures.

Oil System

1

Oil Pan Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
9 ft-lbs (12 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten in a cross pattern. Be careful not to overtighten.
2

Oil Drain Plug Bolt

M14 x 1.5
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Use a new crush washer each time. Be careful not to overtighten.
3

Oil Filter Cap

N/A
Torque Specification
N/A
Important Notes
Hand tighten only. Do not use tools. This component is a screw-on style and does not require a torque spec.
4

Oil Filter Housing Bolt

N/A
Torque Specification
N/A
Important Notes
Hand tighten only. Do not use tools. This component is typically tightened by hand and does not require a specific torque spec. Ensure O-ring is properly seated

Valve Train

1

Valve Cover Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
6 ft-lbs (8 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten in a cross pattern. Be careful not to overtighten.
2

Rocker Arms/Shafts Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
21 ft-lbs (28 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly.
3

Camshaft Sprocket Bolt

M12 x 1.5
Torque Specification
103 ft-lbs (140 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper timing alignment before tightening.

Timing System

1

Timing Belt/Chain Tensioner Bolt

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper tensioner function after tightening.

Intake System

1

Intake Manifold Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten in a crisscross pattern to avoid leaks.
2

Throttle Body Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly.
3

EGR Valve Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly.
4

Fuel Rail Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly. Be careful not to overtighten.
5

Fuel Injector Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly. Be careful not to overtighten.

Exhaust System

1

Exhaust Manifold/Headers to Cylinder Head Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten in a center-outward sequence. Use new gaskets.
2

Exhaust Manifold/Headers Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly. Use new gaskets.

Cooling System

1

Water Pump Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly. Use a new gasket.
2

Water Pump Pulley Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly.
3

Thermostat Housing Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly. Use a new gasket.

Accessory Drive

1

Serpentine/Accessory Drive Belt Tensioner Bolt

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper belt tensioner function after tightening.
2

Drive Belt Idler Pulley Bolt

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly.
3

Alternator Mounting Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly.
4

Power Steering Pump Mounting Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly.
5

A/C Compressor Mounting Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly.

Electrical Sensors

1

Camshaft Position Sensor Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Be careful not to overtighten.
2

Crankshaft Position Sensor Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Be careful not to overtighten.
3

Coolant Temperature Sensor Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Be careful not to overtighten.
4

Knock Sensor Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
15 ft-lbs (20 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly.
5

Ignition Coil Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly. Be careful not to overtighten.

6l50 Transmission

Torque specifications for 6l50 Transmission

Transmission Case

1

Transmission Mounting Bolts

M12 x 1.75
Torque Specification
41 ft-lbs (56 N·m)
Important Notes
Secures the transmission housing to the vehicle's frame or crossmember. Use a criss-cross pattern when tightening. Ensure mounting surfaces are clean.
2

Transmission Bellhousing Bolts

M12 x 1.75
Torque Specification
35 ft-lbs (47 N·m)
Important Notes
Secures the transmission bellhousing to the engine block. Use a criss-cross pattern when tightening. Ensure surfaces are clean and free of debris.

Oil Pan And Plugs

1

Transmission Oil Pan Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
8.8 ft-lbs (12 N·m)
Important Notes
Secures the transmission oil pan to the transmission case. Tighten bolts in a criss-cross sequence to ensure even pressure on the gasket. Ensure a new gasket is installed and that it is properly aligned. Torque is 106 in-lbs. 8.8 ft-lbs is a direct conversion.
2

Transmission Drain and Fill Plugs

M18 x 1.5
Torque Specification
8.8 ft-lbs (12 N·m)
Important Notes
For both drain and fill plugs on the transmission case. Ensure the sealing surfaces are clean. Torque is 106 in-lbs. 8.8 ft-lbs is a direct conversion. Use a new sealing washer if needed.

Fluid Lines And Cooler

1

Transmission Fluid Cooler Line Fitting Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
20 ft-lbs (27 N·m)
Important Notes
Secures the transmission fluid cooler lines to the transmission case. Ensure fittings are properly seated and aligned before tightening.

Torque Converter And Flexplate

1

Torque Converter to Flexplate Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
45 ft-lbs (61 N·m)
Important Notes
Connects the torque converter to the engine's flexplate. Tighten bolts in a star pattern to ensure even pressure and proper alignment. Apply thread locker to bolts as per manufacturer recommendation

Output Shaft And Axles

1

Drive Axle/Half Shaft Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
118 ft-lbs (160 N·m)
Important Notes
Secures the drive axles to the transmission output flange. Ensure the flange and axle are properly aligned and seated prior to tightening. Apply thread locker to bolts as per manufacturer recommendation

External Components

1

Transmission Range Selector/Manual Shift Shaft Lever Bolt

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
20 ft-lbs (27 N·m)
Important Notes
Secures the lever on the transmission case that is responsible for selecting the different gear ranges. Ensure the lever is properly aligned before tightening.
2

Transmission Control Module (TCM) Mounting Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Mounts the TCM to the transmission case. Ensure proper alignment of the module before tightening to prevent damage. Torque is 89 in-lbs. 7.4 ft-lbs is a direct conversion. These are typically smaller bolts.

Body

Torque specifications for Body

Wheel Mounting

1

Wheel Lug Nuts

M14 x 1.5
Torque Specification
100 ft-lbs (136 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten lug nuts in a star pattern to ensure even clamping force. Verify lug nut size for correct torque.

Fuel System

1

Fuel Tank Strap Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure straps are correctly positioned before tightening. Do not over-torque, as this could damage the straps or mounting points.
2

Fuel Filler Neck Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure filler neck is aligned properly with body panel. Do not over-torque, which may cause damage to plastic filler neck components.

Exterior Panels

1

Hood Hinge Bolts to Body

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure hood is properly aligned before fully tightening the bolts. These are estimated values; confirm with service manual. If 10mm bolts are used, increase torque to 30 ft-lbs (40 N·m).
2

Fender Bolts to Body

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
15 ft-lbs (20 N·m)
Important Notes
These are estimated values; confirm with the service manual. Use care not to over-torque as this can distort the panel.
3

Bumper Mounting Bolts (Front & Rear)

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque for larger bolts. Smaller bumper bolts may have a lower torque spec. These are estimated values; confirm with service manual. Verify all bumper brackets are in place and aligned before tightening.

Door And Hatch

1

Door Hinge Bolts to Body

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure door is properly aligned before fully tightening the bolts. These are estimated values; confirm with service manual. If 10mm bolts are used, increase torque to 30 ft-lbs (40 N·m).
2

Door Latch/Striker Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
22 ft-lbs (30 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper door latch engagement. These are estimated values; confirm with the service manual.
3

Tailgate/Liftgate Hinge Bolts to Body

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure tailgate/liftgate is properly aligned before fully tightening bolts. These are estimated values; confirm with service manual. If 10mm bolts are used, increase torque to 30 ft-lbs (40 N·m).
4

Tailgate/Liftgate Latch Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
22 ft-lbs (30 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper latch engagement and secure closing. These are estimated values; confirm with the service manual.

Interior Components

1

Seat Mounting Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
35 ft-lbs (47 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque depends on the seat design and hardware. These are estimated values; confirm with the service manual. Torque may vary slightly based on specific seat model.
2

Dashboard Mounting/Support Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
15 ft-lbs (20 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure dashboard components are properly aligned before fully tightening bolts. These are estimated values; confirm with the service manual.

Body Mounting

1

Body Mount Bolts (Frame-to-Body)

M12 x 1.75
Torque Specification
55 ft-lbs (75 N·m)
Important Notes
Critical for proper body alignment and structural integrity. These are estimated values; confirm with the service manual. Torque may need to be increased based on specific hardware or frame design.

Brakes

Torque specifications for Brakes

Brake Calipers

1

Caliper Mounting Bolts

M12 x 1.75
Torque Specification
74 ft-lbs (100 N·m)
Important Notes
Secures the caliper directly to the mounting bracket. Ensure proper seating before torquing. Typically two bolts.
2

Caliper Guide Pin Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
30 ft-lbs (41 N·m)
Important Notes
Secures guide pins allowing the caliper to float. Do not overtighten. Value estimated based on common size and application.
3

Brake Hose Banjo Bolt

M10 x 1.0
Torque Specification
25 ft-lbs (34 N·m)
Important Notes
Secures the brake hose to the caliper with crush washers. Ensure new washers are used. Value estimated based on similar components.

Caliper Mounting Brackets

1

Caliper Mounting Bracket Bolts

M14 x 1.5
Torque Specification
129 ft-lbs (175 N·m)
Important Notes
Attaches the caliper bracket to the steering knuckle or hub assembly. Proper torque is crucial for stability.

Rotors And Hubs

1

Brake Disc/Drum Retaining Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
71 ft-lbs (96 N·m)
Important Notes
Secures the rotor or drum to the wheel hub. Do not confuse with lug nuts.

Wheels

1

Wheel Lug Nuts

M14 x 1.5
Torque Specification
100 ft-lbs (136 N·m)
Important Notes
Secures the wheel to the hub. Torque in a star pattern.

Master Cylinder And Booster

1

Brake Master Cylinder Mounting Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
20 ft-lbs (27 N·m)
Important Notes
Mounts the master cylinder to the brake booster or firewall. Value estimated based on typical applications.
2

Brake Booster Mounting Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
20 ft-lbs (27 N·m)
Important Notes
Mounts the brake booster to the firewall. Value estimated based on typical applications.

Brake Lines And Fittings

1

Brake Line Fittings (Hard Line to Flex Hose)

M10 x 1.0
Torque Specification
12 ft-lbs (16 N·m)
Important Notes
Connects hard lines to flexible hoses. Proper torque is essential to prevent leaks. Value is a midpoint estimate, confirm specific requirements.

Pedal Assembly

1

Brake Pedal Assembly Mounting Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
20 ft-lbs (27 N·m)
Important Notes
Secures the brake pedal assembly. Value estimated based on similar components.

Parking Brake Cables

1

Parking Brake Cable Mounting Hardware

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
12 ft-lbs (16 N·m)
Important Notes
Secures the parking brake cable brackets. Value estimated based on similar applications

Drivetrain

Torque specifications for Drivetrain

Engine Flywheel

1

Flywheel Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
59 ft-lbs (80 N·m)
Important Notes
Apply threadlocker to the bolts. Ensure mating surfaces are clean and free of debris.
2

Torque Converter Bolts

M10 x 1.25
Torque Specification
35 ft-lbs (47 N·m)
Important Notes
Apply threadlocker to the bolts. Ensure the torque converter is properly seated on the flexplate.

Transmission

1

Transmission Mounting Bolts

M12 x 1.75
Torque Specification
41 ft-lbs (56 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure the transmission is correctly aligned before tightening. Use new bolts if specified in the service manual.
2

Transmission Oil Pan Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
8.8 ft-lbs (12 N·m)
Important Notes
Use a new gasket or sealant. Tighten bolts in a cross pattern to avoid distortion.
3

Transmission Drain and Fill Plugs

M18 x 1.5
Torque Specification
8.8 ft-lbs (12 N·m)
Important Notes
Use a new crush washer or sealing ring.
4

Transmission Output Shaft Flange Nut

M24 x 1.5
Torque Specification
110 ft-lbs (150 N·m)
Important Notes
This is an estimated value; always refer to the specific service manual. May require a special tool to hold the output flange. Use a new nut if specified by the service manual.

Transfer Case

1

Transfer Case Mounting Bolts

M12 x 1.75
Torque Specification
41 ft-lbs (56 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure the transfer case is correctly aligned before tightening. Use new bolts if specified in the service manual.
2

Transfer Case Drain and Fill Plugs

M18 x 1.5
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Use a new crush washer or sealing ring.

Drive Axles

1

Drive Axle/Half Shaft Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
118 ft-lbs (160 N·m)
Important Notes
Apply threadlocker to the bolts. Ensure the axle flange is properly seated.
2

CV Joint/Axle Nut

M24 x 1.5
Torque Specification
118 ft-lbs (160 N·m)
Important Notes
Use a new nut. It may be necessary to hold the hub using the braking system.

Propeller Shaft

1

Propeller/Drive Shaft Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
15 ft-lbs (20 N·m)
Important Notes
Apply threadlocker to the bolts. Ensure the driveshaft is centered on the flange.

Differential

1

Differential Mounting Bolts

M12 x 1.75
Torque Specification
74 ft-lbs (100 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure the differential is properly aligned before tightening. Use new bolts if specified in the service manual.
2

Differential Drain/Fill Plug

M18 x 1.5
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Use a new crush washer or sealing ring.
3

Final Drive Assembly Bolts (Internal Gear Cover/Housing Bolts)

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten bolts evenly and in a cross pattern. Use new bolts if specified in the service manual.

Electrical

Torque specifications for Electrical

Ignition System

1

Ignition Coil Mounting Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure coil is properly seated before tightening. Incorrect torque can cause poor grounding and misfires.

Starting System

1

Starter Motor Mounting Bolt

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
35 ft-lbs (47 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure starter motor is flush against the mounting surface. Incorrect torque can cause misalignment and poor engagement.

Charging System

1

Alternator Mounting Bolt

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure correct belt alignment after tightening. Incorrect torque can lead to misalignment and belt issues.

Battery System

1

Battery Terminal Nut

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
10 ft-lbs (14 N·m)
Important Notes
Do not overtighten, which can damage the battery post. Ensure terminals are clean and corrosion-free.

Grounding System

1

Ground Strap/Cable Mounting Bolt

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure grounding points are clean and free of corrosion. Incorrect torque can lead to poor electrical connections.

Control Modules

1

Engine Control Module (ECM)/ Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Mounting Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure module is properly seated on its mounting points. Avoid overtightening to prevent damage to vibration dampers if equipped. Do not over torque when working with aluminum components.
2

Body Control Module (BCM) Mounting Screw

M5 x 0.8
Torque Specification
5.9 ft-lbs (8 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure module is properly aligned. Do not overtighten screws due to the plastic construction. Avoid excessive force which may damage the threads.

Sensors

1

Crankshaft Position Sensor Mounting Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
5.9 ft-lbs (8 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure the sensor is properly seated before tightening. Overtightening can damage the sensor. Do not over torque when working with aluminum components.
2

Camshaft Position Sensor Mounting Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
5.9 ft-lbs (8 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure the sensor is properly seated. Overtightening can damage the sensor. Do not over torque when working with aluminum components.

Power Distribution

1

Fuse Box/Power Distribution Center Mounting Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure the fuse box is seated correctly on the mounting points and that all connections are secure. Avoid overtightening to prevent damage to the box or mounting points.

Emissions Sensors

Torque specifications for Emissions_sensors

Exhaust System

1

Exhaust Manifold/Headers to Cylinder Head Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper sealing between the exhaust manifold and cylinder head to prevent leaks. Use new gaskets and tighten in a criss-cross pattern.
2

Exhaust Manifold/Headers Mounting Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque is crucial for preventing leaks. Use new gaskets and tighten in a criss-cross pattern.
3

Catalytic Converter to Exhaust Pipe Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
26 ft-lbs (35 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper sealing to prevent exhaust leaks which can disrupt the operation of downstream sensors. Use new gaskets.
4

Exhaust Pipe to Exhaust Manifold/Headers Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Proper torque ensures no leaks. Use new gaskets.
5

Oxygen Sensor

M18 x 1.5 (Typical for threaded O2 sensor body)
Torque Specification
26 ft-lbs (35 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque is crucial to prevent leaks and damage to the sensor. Use anti-seize on threads. This is a typical torque range for an oxygen sensor with a threaded body. Confirm your specific model for exact values.

Egr System

1

EGR Valve Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Proper torque is essential to avoid leaks and ensure correct EGR operation. Use a new gasket if necessary.

Intake System

1

Mass Airflow Sensor (MAF) Mounting Bolts

M5 x 0.8
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Do not over-torque as these screws often go into plastic. Torque is approximate. Verify your specific model for exact values. Converted from 89 inch-lbs.
2

Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor Mounting Bolts

M5 x 0.8
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Do not over-torque as these screws often go into plastic. Torque is approximate. Verify your specific model for exact values. Converted from 89 inch-lbs.

Evap System

1

Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Purge Solenoid Valve Mounting Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
5.9 ft-lbs (8 N·m)
Important Notes
Do not over-torque as these screws often go into plastic. Torque is approximate. Verify your specific model for exact values. Converted from 71 inch-lbs.
2

Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Mounting Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
5.9 ft-lbs (8 N·m)
Important Notes
Do not over-torque as these screws often go into plastic. Torque is approximate. Verify your specific model for exact values. Converted from 71 inch-lbs.

Exhaust

Torque specifications for Exhaust

Exhaust Manifold

1

Exhaust Manifold/Headers to Cylinder Head

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure the manifold is properly aligned before tightening. Use new gaskets if required.
2

Exhaust Manifold/Headers Flange to Exhaust Pipe

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper alignment of the flanges before tightening. Use new gaskets and ensure the pipe is supported to reduce stress on the connection.

Exhaust Pipes

1

Exhaust Pipe to Catalytic Converter Flange

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
26 ft-lbs (35 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure that the catalytic converter is correctly aligned with the exhaust pipe. Use new gaskets where specified. If spring bolts are used, use even torque to maintain constant pressure.
2

Exhaust Pipe to Muffler Flange

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
26 ft-lbs (35 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper alignment of the muffler with the exhaust pipe. Use new gaskets, if applicable, and support the muffler to prevent stress on the connection. If spring bolts are used, use even torque to maintain constant pressure. Check torque specifications for your application.

Catalytic Converter

1

Catalytic Converter Flange Spring Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
30 ft-lbs (40 N·m)
Important Notes
These are spring loaded bolts and must be tightened carefully to maintain even pressure and allow for thermal expansion. Use new spring bolts where necessary.

Muffler

1

Muffler to Exhaust Pipe Flange

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
26 ft-lbs (35 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper alignment of the muffler with the exhaust pipe. Use new gaskets where required. If spring bolts are used, use even torque to maintain constant pressure.
2

Exhaust Hanger/Bracket Bolts to Chassis

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
These bolts secure the exhaust system hangers to the vehicle’s undercarriage. Do not overtighten. Check these after the first heat cycle.

Sensors

1

Oxygen Sensor Installation

M18 x 1.5
Torque Specification
30 ft-lbs (40 N·m)
Important Notes
Do not overtighten the sensor, as this can cause damage. Ensure the sensor threads are clean before installation. The torque spec may vary between manufacturers.

Fuel

Torque specifications for Fuel

Fuel Rail

1

Fuel Rail Mounting Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure bolts are clean and free of debris before installation. Tighten bolts evenly to ensure proper seal.
2

Fuel Injector Mounting Bolts/Screws

M5 x 0.8
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Verify proper O-ring placement on the injector before installation. Over-tightening can damage the injector body and seals.

Fuel Delivery

1

Fuel Pump Mounting Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper gasket or seal is in place before installation. Tighten bolts evenly to prevent leaks.
2

Fuel Tank Strap Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Make sure the fuel tank is properly supported before removing the old bolts and installing new ones. Ensure straps are properly aligned to avoid fuel tank damage.
3

Fuel Filter Mounting Bolts/Nuts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper seal and filter placement. Overtightening can damage filter housing.
4

Fuel Filler Neck Mounting Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure the fuel filler neck is properly aligned before tightening. Do not overtighten, as it may distort the neck and prevent proper sealing.

Fuel Lines And Fittings

1

Fuel Line Threaded Fittings

Varies (e.g., 14mm x 1.5)
Torque Specification
20 ft-lbs (27 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque value is an estimate and must be verified for the specific fitting. Always use a backup wrench on the fitting to avoid twisting fuel lines. Ensure fittings are clean and threads are undamaged.
2

Fuel Line Banjo Bolt Fittings

Varies (e.g., M12 x 1.25)
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque value is an estimate and must be verified for the specific fitting. Always use new crush washers for proper sealing. Overtightening can damage the fitting or cause leaks.

Fuel Tank Components

1

Fuel Tank Sending Unit Lock Ring

N/A - Retaining Ring
Torque Specification
30 ft-lbs (41 N·m)
Important Notes
Estimated value for a typical lock ring design, always verify with specific service manual for tool usage and torque procedure. Use a specialized tool for proper tightening. Ensure the sealing surface is clean and undamaged.

Evap System

1

EVAP Vent Valve Mounting Bolts/Screws

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure the valve is correctly positioned before tightening. Do not over-tighten.

Hvac

Torque specifications for Hvac

Ac Compressor

1

A/C Compressor Mounting Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten bolts in a cross pattern. Ensure proper belt alignment after installation. If bolts are reused, use a small amount of thread locking compound.

Ac Lines

1

A/C Line Fittings

Varies, typically M12 x 1.5
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure O-rings are properly seated and lubricated before tightening. Do not overtighten.

Ac Condenser

1

A/C Condenser Mounting Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Specification
7 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
These are typically smaller bolts. Do not overtighten.

Ac Evaporator

1

A/C Evaporator Core Mounting Bolts

M5 x 0.8 self-tapping
Torque Specification
7 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
These are typically small diameter self-tapping screws. Do not over-tighten. Torque value is estimated based on similar components.

Blower Motor

1

HVAC Blower Motor Mounting Screws

M4 x 0.7 self-tapping
Torque Specification
3 ft-lbs (4 N·m)
Important Notes
These are typically small self-tapping screws. Do not over-tighten. Torque value is estimated based on similar components.

Mode Door Actuator

1

HVAC Mode Door Actuator Mounting Screws

M4 x 0.7 self-tapping
Torque Specification
2.25 ft-lbs (3 N·m)
Important Notes
These screws are typically small and can easily break. Do not overtighten. Torque value is estimated based on similar components.

Ac Receiver Drier

1

A/C Receiver Drier Mounting Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper alignment before tightening. If receiver drier is mounted to the condenser core support these bolts are typically large, and this value is similar to A/C compressor mount bolts. Torque spec is estimated.

Suspension

Torque specifications for Suspension

Front Suspension

1

Strut/Shock Absorber Mounting Bolts

M14 x 2.0
Torque Specification
81 ft-lbs (110 N·m)
Important Notes
These bolts secure the strut assembly to the vehicle's frame/body and potentially the steering knuckle. Ensure proper alignment before tightening.
2

Upper Control Arm Mounting Bolts

M12 x 1.75
Torque Specification
65 ft-lbs (88 N·m)
Important Notes
These bolts attach the upper control arm to the vehicle's frame or subframe. Estimated value, confirm with service manual.
3

Lower Control Arm Mounting Bolts

M14 x 2.0
Torque Specification
85 ft-lbs (115 N·m)
Important Notes
These bolts secure the lower control arm to the vehicle's frame or subframe. Ensure proper alignment before tightening.
4

Lower Control Arm to Ball Joint Nut

M12 x 1.5
Torque Specification
55 ft-lbs (75 N·m)
Important Notes
This nut connects the lower control arm to the ball joint. Estimated value, confirm with service manual.
5

Steering Knuckle/Hub Assembly Bolts

M12 x 1.75
Torque Specification
70 ft-lbs (95 N·m)
Important Notes
These bolts secure the steering knuckle/hub assembly to the strut/shock and/or control arm. Estimated value, confirm with service manual.
6

Ball Joint Nut

M14 x 1.5
Torque Specification
41 ft-lbs (56 N·m)
Important Notes
This nut fastens the ball joint stud to the steering knuckle or control arm. Ensure proper seating before tightening.
7

Tie Rod End Nut

M12 x 1.5
Torque Specification
35 ft-lbs (47 N·m)
Important Notes
This nut secures the tie rod end to the steering knuckle or steering arm. Ensure the tie rod is properly aligned before torquing.

Rear Suspension

1

Rear Shock Absorber Mounting Bolts

M14 x 2.0
Torque Specification
81 ft-lbs (110 N·m)
Important Notes
These bolts secure the rear shock absorber assembly to the vehicle's frame/body and potentially the control arm. Ensure proper alignment before tightening.
2

Rear Upper Control Arm Mounting Bolts

M12 x 1.75
Torque Specification
65 ft-lbs (88 N·m)
Important Notes
These bolts attach the upper control arm to the vehicle's frame or subframe. Estimated value, confirm with service manual.
3

Rear Lower Control Arm Mounting Bolts

M14 x 2.0
Torque Specification
85 ft-lbs (115 N·m)
Important Notes
These bolts secure the lower control arm to the vehicle's frame or subframe. Ensure proper alignment before tightening.
4

Rear Lower Control Arm to Ball Joint Nut

M12 x 1.5
Torque Specification
55 ft-lbs (75 N·m)
Important Notes
This nut connects the lower control arm to the ball joint. Estimated value, confirm with service manual.
5

Rear Steering Knuckle/Hub Assembly Bolts

M12 x 1.75
Torque Specification
70 ft-lbs (95 N·m)
Important Notes
These bolts secure the steering knuckle/hub assembly to the strut/shock and/or control arm. Estimated value, confirm with service manual.

Sway Bar

1

Sway Bar Link Nut

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
48 ft-lbs (65 N·m)
Important Notes
These nuts connect the sway bar to the suspension components.
2

Sway Bar Mounting Bracket Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
37 ft-lbs (50 N·m)
Important Notes
These bolts attach the sway bar mounting brackets to the vehicle's frame/subframe. Ensure brackets are aligned correctly before tightening. Estimated Value.
3

Stabilizer Bar Link to Stabilizer Bar Nut

M10 x 1.5
Torque Specification
48 ft-lbs (65 N·m)
Important Notes
This nut connects the sway bar link to the sway bar. Ensure proper alignment before tightening. Estimated Value.

Troubleshooting Guide

Common issues, diagnostic steps, and prevention guidelines

Common Issues

Bolt stretching, stripped threads, uneven torque patterns

Loose Components

Symptoms:
  • Rattling or vibration noises
  • Visible movement in components
  • Uneven panel gaps
Solutions:
  • Clean threads and mounting surfaces
  • Replace damaged fasteners
  • Apply proper torque in sequence
  • Use thread locker if specified

Stripped Fasteners

Symptoms:
  • Unable to achieve proper torque
  • Fastener spins freely
  • Visible thread damage
Solutions:
  • Use thread repair kit if appropriate
  • Install thread insert (HeliCoil)
  • Replace component if threaded hole is damaged
  • Upgrade to higher grade fastener if recommended

Overtightened Components

Symptoms:
  • Cracked or deformed parts
  • Broken fasteners
  • Compressed gaskets or seals
Solutions:
  • Replace damaged components
  • Use new fasteners
  • Follow proper torque sequence
  • Verify correct torque specifications

Diagnostic Steps

Visual inspection, torque verification, thread assessment

1

Visual Inspection

Inspect the affected area for any visible signs of damage or wear

  • Check for cracks or deformation
  • Look for signs of excessive wear
  • Verify proper fastener installation
2

Torque Verification

Verify the torque applied to the fasteners

  • Check the torque wrench calibration
  • Verify the torque specification
  • Compare the applied torque to the specification
3

Thread Assessment

Assess the condition of the threads

  • Check for signs of thread damage
  • Verify the thread type and size
  • Check for proper thread engagement

Prevention Guidelines

Best practices, maintenance tips, tool care

Best Practices

  • Always follow the recommended torque specification
  • Use the correct type and size of fasteners
  • Verify the torque wrench calibration regularly

Maintenance Tips

  • Regularly inspect the affected area for signs of wear or damage
  • Replace damaged or worn-out components promptly
  • Keep the work area clean and organized

Tool Care

  • Regularly clean and maintain the torque wrench
  • Store the torque wrench in a dry and secure location
  • Verify the torque wrench calibration before each use

Frequently Asked Questions

Find answers to common questions about torque specifications

Q1

What IS the proper torque specification for the wheel lug nuts on a 2007 SRX?

Tighten the wheel lug nuts to 140 ft-lbs (190 Nm) in a star pattern to ensure even tightening.

Q2

What torque wrench should be used for tightening engine head bolts?

Use a certified torque wrench with a range of at least 30-250 ft-lbs (41-340 Nm) to accurately tighten engine head bolts to the specified torque.

Q3

How do I determine the correct torque specification for a specific bolt?

Refer to the Cadillac service manual or technical database to obtain the exact torque specification for the specific bolt and its application.

Q4

What IS the recommended torque for brake caliper mounting bolts?

Tighten the brake caliper mounting bolts to 90 ft-lbs (122 Nm) following a cross-tightening pattern to secure the caliper.

Q5

Can I use a regular wrench to tighten bolts to the specified torque?

No, it IS not advisable to use a regular wrench for critical torque applications. A certified torque wrench IS necessary to ensure precise and accurate torque application.

Q6

How often should I check and re-tighten bolts to the correct torque?

Follow the manufacturer's recommended maintenance schedule or consult the service manual for specific intervals for checking and re-tightening bolts to the specified torque.

Environmental Considerations

Temperature, humidity, and seasonal effects on torque specifications

Temperature Effects

Includes: High Heat, Cold Weather, Thermal Cycling

Temperature can significantly impact torque values and fastener behavior

Cold Weather

Effects:
  • Increased material brittleness
  • Higher torque required due to thread contraction
  • Reduced thread lubricant effectiveness
Recommendations:
  • Allow components to warm to room temperature when possible
  • Consider using winter-grade thread lubricants
  • Check torque values more frequently during winter months

Hot Weather

Effects:
  • Thermal expansion of components
  • Decreased friction in threads
  • Accelerated lubricant breakdown
Recommendations:
  • Check torque when components are at normal operating temperature
  • Use temperature-resistant thread lockers
  • Consider re-torquing after heat cycles

Humidity and Corrosion

Covers: Rust Prevention, Salt Exposure, Moisture Control

Moisture and corrosion can affect fastener integrity and torque values

High Humidity

Effects:
  • Accelerated corrosion formation
  • Reduced friction coefficient
  • Potential thread seizing
Prevention:
  • Use corrosion-resistant fasteners
  • Apply appropriate anti-seize compounds
  • Maintain proper protective coatings

Salt Exposure

Effects:
  • Rapid corrosion development
  • Thread damage
  • Seized fasteners
Prevention:
  • Regular underbody washing
  • Use of sacrificial anodes where appropriate
  • Application of protective coatings

Seasonal Maintenance

Spring, Summer, Fall, and Winter maintenance schedules

Spring

  • Inspect for winter damage
  • Clean and protect exposed fasteners
  • Check torque on critical components

Summer

  • Monitor heat-affected components
  • Check expansion-related loosening
  • Inspect cooling system mounts

Fall

  • Prepare for winter conditions
  • Apply corrosion protection
  • Verify all fasteners are properly torqued

Winter

  • More frequent inspection of critical fasteners
  • Check for salt damage
  • Monitor suspension component torque

Related Resources

Tools, service procedures, and technical bulletins

Recommended Tools

Digital Torque Wrench (10-100 Nm)

Essential for tightening fasteners to precise torque specifications, preventing damage and ensuring proper assembly. This range IS suitable for many applications on the srx.

  • Digital display for accurate readings
  • Audible alarm when target torque IS reached
  • Multiple units (Nm, ft-lb, in-lb)
  • Reversible ratcheting mechanism
Learn more
Service Procedures
Technical Service Bulletins

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Technical Information
  • All specifications, including torque values, fluid capacities, and maintenance procedures, should be verified against your vehicle's factory service manual.
  • Vehicle specifications and procedures may vary by model year, trim level, and region.
  • Always follow the manufacturer's recommended procedures and safety precautions.
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About the Author

Expert automotive knowledge and experience

Alan Montanye - Automotive Technical Specialist
ASE

Alan Montanye

Automotive Technical Specialist

ASE Master Certified Technician with over a decade of hands-on experience in automotive repair and diagnostics.

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